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Industrial production5/17/2023 This article discusses energy use patterns in industry and then assesses trends in industrial energy use and energy intensities. Manufacturing energy use will also depend on the energy efficiency with which the economic activities are done. Production trends also depend on regional availability of resources (e.g., scrap) and capital. Many commodities (e.g., food, steel) are traded globally, and regional differences in supply and demand will influence total industrial energy use. Because of the great difference in energy intensity between energy-intensive industries and all others, changes in output shares of these industries can have a major impact on total industrial energy use. Still, energy-intensive industries will remain the largest energy consumers during the coming decades. Markets in the industrialized countries show a shift toward more service-oriented activities and, hence, non-energy-intensive industries. Energy intensity of primary aluminum production is given in MWh (1000 kWh). ![]() Energy intensity is expressed in primary energy, where the efficiency of electricity generation is assumed to be 33%. In these “heavy” industries, energy is a very important production cost factor in addition to labor costs and raw material costs, driving a change toward higher energy efficiency ( Table I).Įnergy costs (percentage share of production costs) The regional differences in consumption patterns (expressed as consumption per capita) will fuel further growth of consumption in developing countries. Rapidly industrializing countries will have higher demands for infrastructure materials, and more mature markets will have declining or stable consumption levels. In any given country or region, production of these basic commodities follows the general development of the overall economy. Energy use in the industrial sector is dominated by the production of a few major energy-intensive commodities such as steel, paper, cement, and chemicals. Industrial energy use can be broken down into that of the energy-intensive industries (e.g., primary metals, pulp and paper, primary chemicals, oil refining, building materials) and the non-energy-intensive industries (e.g., electronics, food). Over the past decades, manufacturing industrial production has been growing in most economies. Detailed sources for all 43 constituent series in the IP index.Industrial production is the backbone of economic output in nearly all countries.Totals By Sector: html or Excel format.Total Production: html or Excel format.Taken together, the disclosure in the appendixes should permit a replication of the final index presented in Davis (2004). Appendix E derives the value-added component weights of the new index. Technical Appendixes B, C, and D separately address the locomotive, merchant shipbuilding, and pig iron series, respectively. Compilation details for certain series follow the table, and the relative strengths and weaknesses of the data are assessed. An alphabetical inventory of the 43 index components is concisely presented in Table A1. Several modifications have been made to the previous Technical Data Appendix (Davis 2002b). industrial production index presented in Davis (2004). This appendix documents the underlying physical-volume series of the U.S. Transportation Economics in the 21st Century. ![]()
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